历史与自然的交织——创造独特风格的景观环境

文章从具体的项目分析出发,结合历史因素与自然因素,探讨了如何创造独特风格的景观环境,以及如何把握好历史与自然的关系,处理好人与环境的关系等问题。     

Distribution of rare earth elements in anionic,cationic and particulate fractions in boreal humus-rich streams affected by acid sulphate soils

The abundance, fractionation and physicochemical forms of rare earth elements (REEs) were determined in five boreal humus-rich streams (dissolved organic carbon, DOC = 14-40 mg/l) affected by acid sulphate soils. The sampling was carried out during high-water flow in autumn when the acid sulphate soils are extensively flushed. The analytical procedures included ion-exchange experiments in field and ICP-MS determination. There was a general decrease in pH (range 4.5-6.2) and increase in the REE concentrations (La range 0.82-23 microg/l) as the proportion of the catchment cover of acid sulphate soils increased, explained by high amounts of REEs in the acidic runoff from such soils. In each stream, four different REE fractions were identified: (1) A cationic fraction, which is dominant in the REE-rich runoff from the acid sulphate soils and which is depleted in HREEs due to hydrochemical and/or geochemical processes, (2) an anionic fraction identified as humus-REE complexes, which in general is more abundant the higher the DOC concentrations and which also becomes increasingly abundant across the lanthanide series, (3) a fraction having a well-developed MREE enrichment, presumably consisting of colloidal REEs, and (4) a minor uncharacterised particle-associated fraction. The REE pool in the streams thus consists of several coexisting and contrasting REE species. The identification and quantification of such species is a prerequisite for the precise and accurate characterisation of the REE hydrochemistry of the streams.     

Blood lead level and its relationship to certain essential elements in the children aged 0 to 14 years from Beijing, China

Objective

To investigate blood lead level and its relationship to copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron in the children aged 0 to 14 years old from Beijing, China.

Methods

We classified 3181 children into one of the four groups: Group A (n = 783, < 1 year old); Group B (n = 1538, 1-3 years old); Group C (n = 443, 3-7 years old); and, Group D (n = 417, 7-14 years old). All these metal elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results

The blood lead level was 0.207 ± 0.105 μmol/L. There was a significant gender difference for zinc (P < 0.05) in Group C, and there was also a significant gender difference for copper (P < 0.05) and lead (P < 0.05) in Group D. Controlling for gender and age, we observed that there was a negative correlation of lead with zinc (r = − 0.052, P < 0.01), magnesium (r = − 0.042, P < 0.05) and iron (r = − 0.031, P < 0.05), respectively. Furthermore, in the children aged 1-7 years old, we also found there was a negative linear correlation of lead with zinc, magnesium and iron, respectively (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Blood lead level in children from Beijing was markedly decreased. And deficiency of zinc, magnesium and iron is related to the elevated blood lead level in the children aged 1-7 years.     

校园环境的人文气息——南安一中校园中心环境设计

文章结合南安一中的修建性规划,阐述如何在规划过程中结合校园原有建筑的布局,划分合理的功能区;通过对校园环境的塑造,融合新旧建筑的差异,力争营造出具有传统园林特点的,富有人文气息的现代气质的学校。     

四面体有限单元覆盖的三维数值流形方法

构造三维流形单元的覆盖函数和总体位移函数，基于最小势能原理建立四面体有限单元覆盖的三维数值流形方法分析格式，详细推导了三维流形单元的刚度矩阵、初应力矩阵、荷载矩阵、惯性矩阵、位移约束矩阵和接触矩阵，并给出了相应的公式和算例。     

城市公园景观要素的微气候相关性分析

在园林微气候设计中,需要根据环境要素量化分析影响微气候的关键气候参数和改善微气候的适宜景观要素。以成都市百花潭公园为例,选取7个观测点,实测其气温、风速、相对湿度、太阳辐射照度等微气候参数,利用实测数据客观评估观测点的热舒适度。在此基础上,量化分析观测点微气候参数与热舒适度的相关性、微气候参数之间的相关性。研究结果表明:湿热气候区影响园林微气候舒适性的关键气候参数是风速和太阳辐射照度;水体和植物是改善高温、高湿气候相对更适宜的景观要素,水体的微气候效应优于植物。研究内容和结果为湿热气候区优化园林气候提供新的研究思路和技术方法,促进园林健康气候建设。     

灯光元素的数字化描述

基于对灯光元素的分析，引入灯光的特征参数以表征城市灯光景观的效果。并定义了包括光色参数、光形参数、多媒质参数、增强参数和环境参数的特征参数向量和关联矩阵模型，从而建立起进行灯光环境规划的现代数学分析的基础，为系统工程学分析方法应用于城市规划提供了一个平台。     

浅谈投标施工方案的编制方法

介绍了投标方案的特点,阐述了投标方案的内容,并对投标施工方案的编制要点进行了论述,提出了几点工作体会,从而可快速地对各种不同施工方法的质量、工期、安全、经济作综合性的评估,以确保所选用的施工方法科学。     

简述丹·凯利及其设计思想

以米勒花园、喷泉广场、AG总部大楼花园为例,对凯利设计思想的主要特点进行了分析,阐述了他运用几何秩序、空间渗透、对设计要素的娴熟运用等多方式创造和谐的设计手法,最后对他和谐的人生进行了介绍,以使后人对他及其设计思想有更深入的了解。     

控制性详细规划的作用及主要控制要素

阐述了控制性详细规划在城市规划中的地位、涵义及作用,从土地使用强度、环境容量、建筑建造、城市设计导引、配套设施及行为活动六个方面介绍了控制性详细规划的主要控制要素,为控制性详细规划的编制和管理提供参考依据.